Pajau Media
March 6, 2025
Illegal gold mining has led to a rapid increase in mineral contamination in the Ayeyarwady River, raising concerns about environmental damage and ecosystem disruption, according to Myanmar Resource Watch (MRW).
MRW reports that since the coup, gold mining operations along and within rivers have intensified, leading to severe water pollution. The refining process has caused excessive levels of toxic metals such as lead, mercury, cadmium, and magnesium in the water, endangering both local communities and aquatic ecosystems.
To assess the impact, MRW conducted research on water quality and mineral content across 18 tributaries and streams, including the Chiphwi, Maykha, and Malikha rivers, in townships along the Ayeyarwady River such as Myitsone, Naung Chying, and Bhamo. The study revealed that lead, cadmium, mercury, and magnesium levels far exceed safety standards, with water turbidity also surpassing the drinking water standard in all areas except Bhamo.
Similarly, rivers feeding into the Ayeyarwady River have dangerously high metal concentrations, with the Chiphwi Stream—used for hydroelectric power—recording the highest levels of magnesium, lead, and mercury.
The contamination not only degrades water quality but poses serious health risks. Mercury, a highly toxic element, accumulates in fish and can harm humans upon consumption. Lead exposure can affect the nervous, cardiovascular, and reproductive systems, particularly impacting children's cognitive development. While magnesium is beneficial in small amounts, excessive levels can be harmful, and cadmium is known to damage the kidneys, bones, and increase cancer risks.
MRW urges local authorities, civil society organizations, and communities to take immediate action to reduce water pollution. It recommends adherence to UN and OECD mineral extraction guidelines, increased awareness programs, and strict monitoring to protect both public health and the environment.
News – Zaw
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